燃?xì)饫洹?、電分布式能源系統(tǒng)的核心設(shè)備包括燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組、吸收式冷（熱）水機(jī)組、余熱鍋爐。輔助設(shè)備包括各種水泵、閥門、冷卻塔、散熱風(fēng)扇、配電柜等。如何讓這些設(shè)備更加節(jié)能、經(jīng)濟(jì)地運行，控制系統(tǒng)是其中的關(guān)鍵所在。
The core equipment of gas-fired cold, hot and electric distributed energy system includes gas generator set, absorption cold (hot) water unit and waste heat boiler. Auxiliary equipment includes various pumps, valves, cooling towers, cooling fans, distribution cabinets, etc. How to make these devices operate more energy-saving and economically, the control system is the key.
燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組在運行過程中產(chǎn)生兩種能源：電力能源和熱力能源。更加理想和經(jīng)濟(jì)的方案是100%利用電力能源和熱力能源。但現(xiàn)實應(yīng)用中，電力能源和熱力能源的需求是不斷變化的。電力能源我們可以通過上網(wǎng)的方式將多余電力能源賣給電力公司，但多余的熱力能源我們不能利用，只能通過排煙系統(tǒng)和散熱水箱對空排放。因此分布式能源項目中，項目的經(jīng)濟(jì)可行性是重要方面。
During the operation of gas-fired generator sets, two kinds of energy are generated: electric energy and thermal energy. A more ideal and economical solution is to make 100% use of electric energy and thermal energy. However, in practical applications, the demand for electric energy and thermal energy is constantly changing. Electric energy we can sell excess electric energy to power companies through the Internet, but we can't use the excess thermal energy, which can only be discharged into the air through the smoke exhaust system and cooling water tank. Therefore, in the distributed energy project, the economic feasibility of the project is an important aspect.
我們需要了解項目的電力需求和熱力需求，設(shè)計出發(fā)電機(jī)組更加經(jīng)濟(jì)的運行方案。是以電定熱，還是以熱定電。
We need to understand the power demand and thermal demand of the project and design a more economical operation scheme for the starting generator set. Whether to determine heat by electricity or electricity by heat.
當(dāng)市場上電力能源經(jīng)濟(jì)性能較好時，項目應(yīng)用將以能發(fā)出更多的電能為主要目標(biāo)進(jìn)行設(shè)計，同時考慮更大程度上地進(jìn)行余熱利用。當(dāng)熱力能源過剩時對空排放。項目設(shè)計中將以電定熱；當(dāng)項目應(yīng)用中熱力能源經(jīng)濟(jì)性能較好時，項目設(shè)計中將以滿足用戶所需要的熱為主要需求，在產(chǎn)生熱的同時項目中多余的電力能源將通過與市電并網(wǎng)的方式向市網(wǎng)輸送。這就是以熱定電的設(shè)計方式。在這種項目應(yīng)用中一定要協(xié)調(diào)市電部門，獲得上網(wǎng)許可證。確定了以熱定電或以電定熱以后，我們將設(shè)計合適的控制系統(tǒng)控制燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組按要求正常運行。
When the economic performance of electric energy in the market is good, the project application will be designed with the main goal of generating more electric energy, and consider the utilization of waste heat to a greater extent. When there is excess thermal energy, air emissions. The heat will be determined by electricity in the project design; When the economic performance of thermal energy in the project application is good, the project design will take meeting the heat required by users as the main demand. While generating heat, the excess electric energy in the project will be transmitted to the municipal power grid through grid connection with the municipal power. This is the design method of determining electricity by heat. In the application of such projects, we must coordinate with the municipal power department and obtain the Internet license. After determining whether the power is determined by heat or by electricity, we will design an appropriate control system to control the normal operation of the gas generator set as required.
燃?xì)饫?、熱、電分布式能源項目的控制系統(tǒng)一般分為顯示模塊、計算與控制模塊、報警保護(hù)模塊和數(shù)據(jù)記錄模塊四個功能模塊。
The control system of gas cooling, heating and electricity distributed energy project is generally divided into four functional modules: display module, calculation and control module, alarm protection module and data recording module.
1)顯示模塊： 現(xiàn)代化的設(shè)備都有自己的控制系統(tǒng)。任何單獨的設(shè)備都可以自動按照預(yù)先設(shè)定的工況運行。同時所有的運行參數(shù)都可以通過數(shù)據(jù)線上傳到上位機(jī)中。燃?xì)饫洹?、電分布式能源項目的控制系統(tǒng)顯示模塊就是勾勒出整個系統(tǒng)的所有設(shè)備，通過畫面，直觀地顯示出所有設(shè)備的運行狀態(tài)和運行參數(shù)。
1) Display module: modern equipment has its own control system. Any individual equipment can automatically operate according to the preset working conditions. At the same time, all operating parameters can be uploaded to the upper computer through the data line. The display module of the control system of the gas cooling, heating and electricity distributed energy project is to outline all the equipment of the whole system, and intuitively display the operation status and operation parameters of all equipment through the screen.
2)計算與控制模塊： 主要是通過傳感器計算系統(tǒng)的運行狀態(tài)。并根據(jù)項目要求設(shè)計 所需要的目標(biāo)狀態(tài)。將系統(tǒng)的運行狀態(tài)與目標(biāo)狀態(tài)進(jìn)行比對后發(fā)出調(diào)節(jié)指令。為了確保功能的穩(wěn)定與準(zhǔn)確，建議控制系統(tǒng)采用雙閉環(huán)控制。
2) Calculation and control module: it mainly calculates the operation state of the system through sensors. And design the required target state according to the project requirements. After comparing the running state of the system with the target state, issue the adjustment command. In order to ensure the stability and accuracy of the function, it is recommended that the control system adopt double closed-loop control.
3)報警保護(hù)模塊： 主要功能是當(dāng)系統(tǒng)遇到危險狀態(tài)時可以報警提示，嚴(yán)重時自動關(guān)閉某些設(shè)備或者使整個系統(tǒng)停止運行，以保護(hù)系統(tǒng)不受到更大的傷害。系統(tǒng)中自動停機(jī)的危險狀態(tài)有：高水溫、低油壓、超速、汽缸爆震、燃?xì)庑孤┑取?/div>
3) Alarm protection module: the main function is to give an alarm when the system encounters a dangerous state, and automatically shut down some equipment or stop the whole system in case of serious conditions, so as to protect the system from greater harm. The dangerous states of automatic shutdown in the system include: high water temperature, low oil pressure, overspeed, cylinder knock, gas leakage, etc.
4)數(shù)據(jù)記錄模塊： 用記錄系統(tǒng)運行的數(shù)據(jù)和參數(shù)，以及歷史報警記錄。通過記錄數(shù)據(jù)分析系統(tǒng)的支持狀態(tài)，做好維護(hù)和保養(yǎng)計劃。
4) Data recording module: it is used to record the data and parameters of the system and historical alarm records. Analyze the support status of the system by recording data, and make maintenance plans.
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