瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組操作規(guī)程1、瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組啟動(dòng)前的準(zhǔn)備機(jī)組初次運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，長(zhǎng)期停放后再次運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)或日常工作啟動(dòng)，啟動(dòng)前做好以下工作，使機(jī)組處于良好狀態(tài)。

　　Operating Procedures for Gas Generator Unit 1. Preparation before Starting Gas Generator Unit: For initial operation of the unit, long-term parking and subsequent operation or daily work start-up, the following work should be done before starting to keep the unit in good condition.

　?。?）機(jī)組及配套輔助系統(tǒng)零部件應(yīng)齊全、完整、各緊固聯(lián)接部位聯(lián)接正確、牢固；油、氣、水管路密封良好，不泄露，電路安全、可靠。旋轉(zhuǎn)件部位附近不準(zhǔn)有雜物。

　　(1) The components of the unit and supporting auxiliary systems should be complete, intact, and the fastening and connection parts should be correctly and firmly connected; The oil, gas, and water pipelines are well sealed without leakage, and the circuit is safe and reliable. There should be no debris near the rotating parts.

　　（2）潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)①檢查油底殼機(jī)油油位是否符合使用規(guī)定刻度位置，否則應(yīng)補(bǔ)加機(jī)油。所用機(jī)油牌號(hào)應(yīng)符合使用維護(hù)說(shuō)明書規(guī)定；亦可用公司批準(zhǔn)使用的其他牌號(hào)機(jī)油。不同牌號(hào)的機(jī)油不能混用。②當(dāng)站內(nèi)環(huán)境溫度≤5℃時(shí)，應(yīng)將機(jī)油預(yù)熱至20℃，且禁止使用明火預(yù)熱。

　　(2) Lubrication system ① Check whether the oil level in the oil pan meets the specified scale position, otherwise oil should be replenished. The brand of the oil used should comply with the instructions in the user manual; Other grades of engine oil approved by the company can also be used. Different grades of engine oil cannot be mixed. ② When the ambient temperature inside the station is ≤ 5 ℃, the engine oil should be preheated to 20 ℃, and the use of open flames for preheating is prohibited.

　?。?）冷卻系統(tǒng)檢查膨脹水箱內(nèi)的冷卻液液面是否達(dá)到規(guī)定位置，同時(shí)檢查冷卻液狀況，并根據(jù)需要添加防銹油或防凍液等添加劑。當(dāng)環(huán)境溫度低時(shí)，應(yīng)將冷卻液預(yù)熱至20℃。

　　(3) Check whether the coolant level in the expansion tank of the cooling system has reached the specified position, and also check the condition of the coolant. Add rust proof oil or antifreeze additives as needed. When the ambient temperature is low, the coolant should be preheated to 20 ℃.

　　（4）進(jìn)氣系統(tǒng)①檢查氣源壓力是否符合機(jī)組工作規(guī)定壓力范圍，供氣管路、閥門是否滲漏并作處理。②發(fā)電機(jī)組進(jìn)氣控制系統(tǒng)是否運(yùn)動(dòng)靈活，輔助運(yùn)動(dòng)部位應(yīng)及時(shí)補(bǔ)加潤(rùn)滑脂。

　　(4) Check whether the air source pressure of the intake system ① meets the pressure range specified for the unit's operation, and whether there is any leakage in the air supply pipeline and valves, and take appropriate measures. ② Whether the intake control system of the generator set moves flexibly, and the auxiliary moving parts should be lubricated in a timely manner.

　?。?）啟動(dòng)系統(tǒng)檢查啟動(dòng)柜或蓄電池電纜連接是否正確，是否接觸良好、緊固可靠。電源應(yīng)接通。

　　(5) Check whether the starter cabinet or battery cable connection is correct, whether the contact is good, and whether the fastening is reliable when starting the system. The power supply should be connected.

　?。?）盤車手動(dòng)或電動(dòng)預(yù)供油，用盤車工具盤轉(zhuǎn)曲軸至少兩圈，檢查機(jī)組曲軸等主要部件是否工作順暢，不得有卡碰及其他異?，F(xiàn)象 。

　　(6) Manual or electric pre oil supply for turning, use turning tools to turn the crankshaft at least two times, check whether the main components of the unit such as the crankshaft are working smoothly, and there should be no jamming or other abnormal phenomena.

　　（7） 檢查相序若機(jī)組并網(wǎng)或并聯(lián)運(yùn)行，運(yùn)行前應(yīng)用相序表進(jìn)行相序檢查，確保機(jī)組間的相序或機(jī)組與電網(wǎng)的相序相同。

　　(7) If the units are connected to the grid or running in parallel, the phase sequence table should be used to check the phase sequence before operation to ensure that the phase sequence between the units or between the units and the grid is the same.

　?。?）TEM系統(tǒng)檢查①檢查TEM系統(tǒng)電氣連接是否正常。②連接工控機(jī)主機(jī)、顯示器、鍵盤、鼠標(biāo)、電源線等配件，將計(jì)算機(jī)串口線連接好。③檢查各插頭接線是否連接正確、可靠。確認(rèn)無(wú)誤后，接通TEM電子管理系統(tǒng)的外部電源，啟動(dòng)工控機(jī)。④旋出 TEM電子管理系統(tǒng) 操作面板上的“緊急停機(jī)”按鈕，按下“啟動(dòng)”按鈕，各蝶門應(yīng)能正確、可靠動(dòng)作，各步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制器顯示啟動(dòng)步數(shù)。⑤分別按“左燃?xì)?-、空氣+-、右燃?xì)?-、右空氣+-”旋鈕，相應(yīng)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制器應(yīng)顯示正常、各蝶門動(dòng)作應(yīng)正常。⑥按下“緊急停機(jī)”按鈕，各燃?xì)獾T均應(yīng)關(guān)閉，步數(shù)回零，開度顯示回零。按下“關(guān)閉空氣”按鈕，各空氣蝶門均應(yīng)關(guān)閉，步數(shù)回零，開度顯示回零。⑦再次旋出 “ 緊急停機(jī) ” 按鈕，按下 “ 啟動(dòng) ” ，反復(fù)按上述步驟檢查至少 2 次，各蝶門動(dòng)作應(yīng)正常。

　　(8) TEM system inspection ① Check if the electrical connections of the TEM system are normal. ② Connect the industrial computer host, monitor, keyboard, mouse, power cord and other accessories, and connect the computer serial port cable. ③ Check whether the wiring of each plug is connected correctly and reliably. After confirming the accuracy, connect the external power supply of the TEM electronic management system and start the industrial computer. ④ Rotate the "emergency stop" button on the TEM electronic management system operation panel, press the "start" button, and each butterfly door should be able to operate correctly and reliably. The stepper motor controller should display the number of start steps. ⑤ Press the "Left Gas+-, Air+-, Right Gas+-, Right Air+-" knobs respectively, and the corresponding stepper motor controller should display normally, and each butterfly door should operate normally. ⑥ Press the "emergency stop" button, all gas butterfly valves should be closed, the steps should return to zero, and the opening display should return to zero. Press the 'Close Air' button, all air butterfly doors should be closed, the steps should return to zero, and the opening display should return to zero. ⑦ Rotate the "emergency stop" button again, press the "start" button, and repeat the above steps at least twice to check that all butterfly doors are functioning properly.

　?。?）集中控制柜使用ECS電子控制系統(tǒng)的瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組，做好集中控制柜的準(zhǔn)備。①連接集中控制柜至燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組接線盒間的控制電纜，連接至控制屏的控制電纜。②檢查各插頭、各組成單元接線是否連接正確、可靠，確認(rèn)無(wú)誤后，即可接通電源，啟動(dòng)集中控制柜控制系統(tǒng)。③初次送電后要對(duì)設(shè)置參數(shù)進(jìn)行設(shè)置。

　　(9) Prepare the centralized control cabinet for the gas generator set using ECS electronic control system. ① Connect the control cable between the centralized control cabinet and the gas turbine junction box, and connect the control cable to the control panel. ② Check whether each plug and component unit is connected correctly and reliably. After confirming that there are no errors, the power can be turned on and the centralized control cabinet control system can be started. ③ After the initial power transmission, the setting parameters should be adjusted.

　?。?0）細(xì)水霧輸送系統(tǒng)檢查①檢查電氣連接是否與圖紙相符，系統(tǒng)供電是否正常。②電氣連接檢查后可以通電，通電后檢查監(jiān)控界面的設(shè)備狀態(tài)是否正常，聯(lián)接正常后檢查所有檢測(cè)點(diǎn)是否有顯示。③給水霧輸送繼電控制柜送電，打開水霧水池電磁閥，將水池蓄水至溢水口。④將水霧監(jiān)控啟動(dòng)系統(tǒng)旋至自動(dòng)控制狀態(tài)，利用監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)界面的控制面板操作啟動(dòng)一號(hào)泵或二號(hào)泵。⑤查看 水池、水封及瓦斯溫度是否在設(shè)定范圍內(nèi)。⑥ 查看噴水壓力是否符合要求。⑦水池補(bǔ)水閥、排水泵工作正常，水位未超過(guò)設(shè)定的上下限位。⑧ 當(dāng)水霧流量和壓力顯示正常后，啟動(dòng)瓦斯總管閥門的電動(dòng)蝶閥。

　　(10) Inspection of fine water mist conveying system: ① Check whether the electrical connections match the drawings and whether the system power supply is normal. ② After electrical connection inspection, power can be turned on. After power on, check whether the device status on the monitoring interface is normal. After normal connection, check whether all detection points are displayed. ③ Power the relay control cabinet for water mist transmission, open the solenoid valve of the water mist pool, and fill the pool with water to the overflow outlet. ④ Turn the water mist monitoring startup system to automatic control mode, and use the control panel on the monitoring system interface to operate and start the first or second pump. ⑤ Check if the water tank, water seal, and gas temperature are within the set range. ⑥ Check if the water spray pressure meets the requirements. ⑦ The water replenishment valve and drainage pump of the pool are working normally, and the water level has not exceeded the set upper and lower limits. ⑧ After the water mist flow rate and pressure display are normal, start the electric butterfly valve of the gas main valve.

　?。?1）控制屏準(zhǔn)備工作①檢查、確定主斷路器處于“連接”狀態(tài)。②將三個(gè)電源開關(guān)打開a.將 “ 直流電源 ” 開關(guān)置于 “ 開（ON） ” 位置。b.將 “ 電調(diào)電源 ” 開關(guān)置于 “ 開（ON） ” 位置。c.將 “ 電磁閥電源 ” 開關(guān)置于 “ 開（ON） ” 位置，使電動(dòng)蝶閥通電。③檢查七個(gè)電位器是否處于正確位置a.將 “ 同步裝置 ” 開關(guān)置于 “ 斷 ” 位置。b.將 “ 電壓測(cè)量 ” 開關(guān)置于任意位置。c.將 “ 怠速/額定 ” 開關(guān)置于 “ 怠速 ” 位置（德國(guó)海因茲曼電子調(diào)速系統(tǒng)無(wú)此電位器）。d.將 “ 緊急停機(jī) ” 旋紐置于 “ 旋開 ” 狀態(tài)。e.將“轉(zhuǎn)速微調(diào)”電位器旋置于中間位置（5圈，10圈電位器）。f.將“電壓整定”電位器置于中間位置（5圈，10圈電位器）。g.將“功率因數(shù)自動(dòng)/手動(dòng)”開關(guān)置于“手動(dòng)”位置。④檢查控制屏的報(bào)警鈴和報(bào)警指示燈是否工作正常。方法為：a.按下 “ 試報(bào)警 ” 按鈕，各報(bào)警指示燈應(yīng)同時(shí)閃爍，同時(shí)報(bào)警鈴響。b.按下 “ 消音 ” 按鈕，報(bào)警鈴響終止。c.按下 “ 報(bào)警解除 ” 按鈕，各報(bào)警指示燈熄滅

　　(11) Preparation work for control screen: ① Check and confirm that the main circuit breaker is in the "connected" state. ② Turn on the three power switches. a. Place the "DC power" switch in the "ON" position. b. Place the "ESC power supply" switch in the "ON" position. c. Place the "Electromagnetic Valve Power" switch in the "ON" position to energize the electric butterfly valve. ③ Check if the seven potentiometers are in the correct position. a. Place the "synchronizer" switch in the "off" position. b. Place the 'voltage measurement' switch in any position. c. Place the "idle/rated" switch in the "idle" position (this potentiometer is not available in the German Heinzmann electronic speed control system). d. Set the "emergency stop" knob to the "on" position. e. Turn the "speed adjustment" potentiometer to the middle position (5 turns, 10 turns potentiometer). f. Place the "voltage setting" potentiometer in the middle position (5 turns, 10 turns potentiometer). g. Place the "Power Factor Auto/Manual" switch in the "Manual" position. ④ Check if the alarm bell and alarm indicator light on the control screen are working properly. The method is: a. Press the "trial alarm" button, and all alarm indicators should flash simultaneously, while the alarm bell rings. b. Press the 'mute' button to stop the alarm bell ringing. c. Press the 'Alarm Release' button, and all alarm indicator lights will turn off

　　。2、通入燃?xì)?/p>

　　2. Introduce gas

　?。?）打開手動(dòng)燃?xì)忾y門。

　　(1) Open the manual gas valve.

　?。?）手動(dòng)將電動(dòng)蝶閥撥至“開”位置，使燃?xì)膺M(jìn)入機(jī)組。

　　(2) Manually turn the electric butterfly valve to the "on" position to allow gas to enter the unit.

　　3、機(jī)組啟動(dòng)

　　3. Unit startup

　?。?）機(jī)組長(zhǎng)期停放，第一次啟動(dòng)前應(yīng) 排空。方法為：關(guān)閉燃?xì)饪傞y門，切斷機(jī)組燃?xì)夤┙o，斷開磁電機(jī)與點(diǎn)火線圈連線，預(yù)供油后，使啟動(dòng)馬達(dá)帶動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)空轉(zhuǎn)、將氣缸內(nèi)的余氣排空。排空時(shí)應(yīng)注意不要燒壞啟動(dòng)馬達(dá)。

　　(1) The unit should be emptied before the first start-up if it is parked for a long time. The method is to close the gas main valve, cut off the gas supply to the unit, disconnect the connection between the magnetic motor and the ignition coil, pre supply oil, and let the starter motor drive the engine to idle and exhaust the remaining gas in the cylinder. Be careful not to burn out the starter motor when emptying.

　　（2）給電動(dòng)預(yù)供油泵通電， 手搖機(jī)油泵和電動(dòng)預(yù)供油泵配合使用，當(dāng)機(jī)油壓力表指示為以上時(shí)，停止供油。

　　(2) Power on the electric pre supply oil pump, and use the hand cranked oil pump in conjunction with the electric pre supply oil pump. When the oil pressure gauge indicates above, stop supplying oil.

　?。?） 給啟動(dòng)馬達(dá)通電，啟動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。啟動(dòng)馬達(dá)連續(xù)運(yùn)行不得超過(guò)5秒。若一次啟動(dòng)不成功，則間隔至少2分鐘后方可再次啟動(dòng)，并于再次啟動(dòng)前將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)氣缸內(nèi)剩余氣體排空；若機(jī)組連續(xù)三次未能啟動(dòng)，應(yīng)立即停止，查明原因并排除后方可再次啟動(dòng)。 如果連續(xù)啟動(dòng)次數(shù)過(guò)多，馬達(dá)熱量無(wú)法散失，會(huì)燒壞啟動(dòng)馬達(dá)。

　　(3) Power on the starter motor and start the engine. The starting motor should not run continuously for more than 5 seconds. If the first start is unsuccessful, wait for at least 2 minutes before restarting, and exhaust the remaining gas in the engine cylinder before restarting; If the unit fails to start for three consecutive times, it should be stopped immediately, the cause should be identified and eliminated before restarting. If the number of consecutive starts is too many, the heat of the motor cannot be dissipated, which will burn out the starting motor.

　　4、暖機(jī)運(yùn)行

　　4. Warm up operation

　　（1）查看主油道、增壓器的機(jī)油壓力數(shù)值，濾前與濾后壓力差，如不正常應(yīng)立即查找原因。

　　(1) Check the oil pressure values of the main oil passage and turbocharger, as well as the pressure difference between the pre filter and post filter. If it is abnormal, immediately investigate the cause.

　?。?）打開氣缸蓋上罩殼，觀察搖臂及橫橋各點(diǎn)、面摩擦副回油狀況，有回油流出是正常的，回油微量或沒(méi)有，說(shuō)明外潤(rùn)滑管路或搖臂、橫橋油道阻塞，應(yīng)松開外潤(rùn)滑管查找原因或疏通、更換橫橋、搖臂。如果大搖臂銅套兩端回油量非常大，說(shuō)明銅套與搖臂軸間隙過(guò)大，應(yīng)及時(shí)更換銅套。

　　(2) Open the cylinder head cover and observe the return oil condition of the rocker arm and cross bridge friction pair at each point and surface. It is normal for oil to flow out, but if there is little or no return oil, it indicates that the external lubrication pipeline or rocker arm and cross bridge oil passage is blocked. The external lubrication pipeline should be loosened to find the cause or to clear or replace the cross bridge and rocker arm. If the oil return at both ends of the large rocker arm copper sleeve is very large, it indicates that the clearance between the copper sleeve and the rocker arm shaft is too large, and the copper sleeve should be replaced in a timely manner.

　　（3）旋開水泵放水閥少許，若有強(qiáng)勁水柱沖出，則表明供水正常。新機(jī)或拆檢過(guò)冷卻管系的機(jī)組，應(yīng)打開缸蓋高溫回水管線上的放氣螺塞，檢查兩排氣缸供水是否正常。

　　(3) Loosen the drain valve of the water pump slightly. If there is a strong water column rushing out, it indicates that the water supply is normal. For new units or units that have undergone dismantling and inspection of the cooling pipe system, the vent plug on the high-temperature return water pipeline of the cylinder head should be opened to check whether the water supply to the two rows of cylinders is normal.

　?。?）檢查機(jī)組外觀狀況，不得有漏水、漏油、漏氣現(xiàn)象。所有零部件應(yīng)固定牢固，不得有明顯的振動(dòng)或松動(dòng)現(xiàn)象。

　　(4) Check the appearance of the unit for any water, oil, or gas leaks. All components should be firmly fixed without obvious vibration or looseness.

　?。?）觀察發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排氣煙色是否正常，呼吸器有無(wú)異常煙氣，監(jiān)聽(tīng)機(jī)組有無(wú)異常聲響（敲擊聲、放炮聲、吹噓聲等）。

　　(5) Observe whether the exhaust smoke color of the engine is normal, whether there is abnormal smoke in the respirator, and monitor whether there is any abnormal sound from the unit (knocking sound, blasting sound, bragging sound, etc.).

　?。?）嗅發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)是否有焦味、燃?xì)馕丁?/p>

　　(6) Smell the engine for any burnt or gas smell.

　?。?）用手背感覺(jué)各氣缸蓋升溫速度是否平衡、各冷卻管線前后溫度是否正常。正常情況下，各冷卻管線前后溫度應(yīng)一致，各缸升溫速度較均勻一致。如某冷卻管線前后溫度不一致，說(shuō)明管線內(nèi)產(chǎn)生氣阻；如有個(gè)別缸升溫較快且在正常工作時(shí)缸溫也偏高，說(shuō)明缸蓋內(nèi)水腔狹窄，冷卻水流量受到限制，不能及時(shí)把熱量傳送出去。（8）充分暖機(jī)（一般水溫、油溫20℃以上）后，將控制屏上 “ 怠速/額定 ” 轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)置于 “ 額定 ” 位置，機(jī)組將提速、在額定轉(zhuǎn)速下運(yùn)行。待水溫、油溫均上升到40℃以上，再觀察機(jī)組各儀表指示是否正常。若機(jī)組各儀表指示正常，則可并網(wǎng)發(fā)電。

　　(7) Use the back of your hand to feel whether the heating speed of each cylinder head is balanced and whether the temperature before and after each cooling pipeline is normal. Under normal circumstances, the temperature before and after each cooling pipeline should be consistent, and the heating rate of each cylinder should be relatively uniform and consistent. If the temperature before and after a certain cooling pipeline is inconsistent, it indicates that there is air resistance inside the pipeline; If a few cylinders heat up quickly and the cylinder temperature is also high during normal operation, it indicates that the water chamber in the cylinder head is narrow, the cooling water flow is limited, and the heat cannot be transferred out in a timely manner. (8) After fully warming up (generally with water temperature and oil temperature above 20 ℃), place the "idle/rated" switch on the control screen in the "rated" position, and the unit will accelerate and operate at the rated speed. Wait for the water and oil temperatures to rise above 40 ℃, and then observe whether the instrument readings of the unit are normal. If all instruments of the unit indicate normally, it can be connected to the grid for power generation.

　　5、并網(wǎng)

　　5. Grid connection

　?。?）預(yù)調(diào)整 “ 轉(zhuǎn)速微調(diào) ” 旋紐，將發(fā)電機(jī)組的頻率調(diào)整至50Hz。

　　(1) Pre adjust the "speed fine-tuning" knob to adjust the frequency of the generator set to 50Hz.

　?。?）預(yù)調(diào)整 “ 整定電壓 ” 旋紐，將發(fā)電機(jī)組的電壓調(diào)整至與電網(wǎng)大致相同（約400V ） 。

　　(2) Pre adjust the "set voltage" knob to adjust the voltage of the generator set to approximately the same as the grid (about 400V).

　　（3）按下 “ 儲(chǔ)能 ” 按鈕，給（主斷路器）儲(chǔ)能，此時(shí)， “ 儲(chǔ)能 ” 指示燈亮。

　　(3) Press the "Energy Storage" button to store energy for the main circuit breaker, and the "Energy Storage" indicator light will turn on.

　?。?）并網(wǎng)或并車后立即將 “ 同步裝置 ” 開關(guān)斷開，以免燒壞同期表。

　　(4) Immediately disconnect the "synchronization device" switch after grid connection or parallel operation to avoid burning out the synchronization meter.

　　6、 正常工作運(yùn)行

　　6. Normal operation

　?。?）將機(jī)組調(diào)整到正常功率后，運(yùn)行人員可按照電站規(guī)定，每半小時(shí)在機(jī)房作一次巡回檢查。

　　(1) After adjusting the unit to normal power, the operating personnel can conduct a patrol inspection in the machine room every half an hour according to the regulations of the power station.

　?。?）觀察燃?xì)夤芟?、?rùn)滑管系、冷卻水管系、進(jìn)排氣管系是否有泄露現(xiàn)象，有問(wèn)題應(yīng)及時(shí)排除。

　　(2) Observe whether there is any leakage in the gas pipeline system, lubrication pipeline system, cooling water pipeline system, and intake and exhaust pipeline system. If there is a problem, it should be promptly eliminated.

　　（3）觀察呼吸器是否有煙霧排出。如有煙霧，首先應(yīng)判明是水蒸氣、油蒸汽還是燃燒的廢氣。如果是水蒸氣，且越來(lái)越大，說(shuō)明有冷卻水滲漏到油底殼；如果是燃燒廢氣且煙霧突然增大，應(yīng)立即停機(jī)檢查離心濾清器是否有金屬末（觀察離心濾轉(zhuǎn)子殼內(nèi)側(cè)污垢時(shí)不要用手去摸，應(yīng)在光線較好地方觀察，金屬末反光易發(fā)現(xiàn)）。

　　(3) Observe whether the respirator emits smoke. If there is smoke, the first thing to determine is whether it is water vapor, oil vapor, or combustion exhaust gas. If it is water vapor and it is getting larger, it indicates that there is cooling water leaking into the oil pan; If it is a combustion exhaust gas and the smoke suddenly increases, the centrifugal filter should be stopped immediately to check for any metal particles (do not touch the dirt on the inside of the centrifugal filter rotor housing with your hands, but observe in a well lit place, as the reflection of metal particles is easy to detect).

　?。?）觀察運(yùn)動(dòng)部件動(dòng)作是否正常，監(jiān)聽(tīng)機(jī)組運(yùn)行聲音是否正常。

　　(4) Observe whether the movement of moving parts is normal, and monitor whether the sound of the unit's operation is normal.

　?。?）檢查機(jī)油油面的高度、機(jī)油粘度是否正常。

　　(5) Check if the oil level and viscosity of the engine oil are normal.

　?。?） 注意觀察發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)各缸缸溫、排溫（可利用手持紅外測(cè)溫儀），確保各缸工作正常。 缸溫、排溫過(guò)高時(shí)應(yīng)及時(shí)檢查空氣濾芯是否阻塞，如阻塞會(huì)使進(jìn)氣產(chǎn)生負(fù)壓造成增壓器漏油，或者 調(diào)整發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的空燃比或點(diǎn)火提前角。

　　(6) Pay attention to observing the cylinder temperature and exhaust temperature of each engine cylinder (using a handheld infrared thermometer) to ensure that each cylinder is working properly. When the cylinder temperature and exhaust temperature are too high, it is necessary to check whether the air filter is blocked in a timely manner. If it is blocked, it will cause negative pressure in the intake and cause oil leakage in the turbocharger, or adjust the air-fuel ratio or ignition advance angle of the engine.

　?。?）每1-2小時(shí)對(duì)機(jī)組各參數(shù)作一次正式書面記錄。如數(shù)據(jù)異常，應(yīng)查找原因并排除。應(yīng)特別密切關(guān)注機(jī)組的水溫、油溫、油壓、缸溫、排溫。（滿載時(shí)理想的水溫、油溫是70-80℃，機(jī)油壓力是，加載后油壓下降左右是正常的）

　　(7) Make a formal written record of each parameter of the unit every 1-2 hours. If the data is abnormal, the cause should be identified and eliminated. Special attention should be paid to the water temperature, oil temperature, oil pressure, cylinder temperature, and exhaust temperature of the unit. The ideal water temperature and oil temperature at full load are 70-80 ℃, and the oil pressure is. It is normal for the oil pressure to decrease by about after loading

　　7、停車

　　7. Parking

　?。?）準(zhǔn)備停機(jī)前應(yīng)對(duì)機(jī)組進(jìn)行一次全面檢查，判明工作狀況，以便保養(yǎng)、修理。

　　(1) Before shutting down, a comprehensive inspection of the unit should be conducted to determine its working condition for maintenance and repair.

　?。?）正常停機(jī)應(yīng)按以下步驟進(jìn)行：①卸載機(jī)組停機(jī)前，要先卸去負(fù)荷。緩慢逆時(shí)針調(diào)節(jié) “ 轉(zhuǎn)速微調(diào) ” 旋鈕，逐漸卸下負(fù)載。注意：在減小負(fù)載的同時(shí)需要通過(guò) TEM 系統(tǒng)或集中控制箱 逐漸關(guān)閉電控混合器的燃?xì)獾T、減少燃?xì)饬?、降低機(jī)組轉(zhuǎn)速，否則會(huì)放炮、超速（飛車）。②分閘或解列當(dāng)機(jī)組功率降至40kW以下時(shí)，迅速按下 “ 分閘 ” 按鈕。③怠速運(yùn)行機(jī)組在額定轉(zhuǎn)速下運(yùn)行幾分鐘、初步冷卻后，再將 “ 怠速/額定 ” 轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)置于 “ 怠速 ” 位置，使機(jī)組怠速運(yùn)行。注意 ：分閘后，不得立即將 “ 怠速/額定 ” 轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)置于 “ 怠速 ” 位置，以免縮短機(jī)組使用壽命。④切斷氣源當(dāng)機(jī)組 “ 水溫 ” 、 “ 油溫 ” 降低到60℃以下后，關(guān)閉手動(dòng)燃?xì)忾y門。管道內(nèi)剩余的燃?xì)饪墒箼C(jī)組繼續(xù)運(yùn)行1、2分鐘，燃?xì)夂谋M后，機(jī)組將自動(dòng)停機(jī)。注意 ：對(duì)于配置增壓器的機(jī)組，水溫、油溫降至60℃時(shí)不能立即關(guān)氣、停機(jī)，應(yīng)再空載運(yùn)行5分鐘，使增壓器進(jìn)一步冷卻，否則增壓器摩擦副會(huì)結(jié)膠、結(jié)碳，密封環(huán)降低彈性，造成增壓器漏油。⑤將控制屏面板上的 “ 電磁閥電源 ” 開關(guān)置于 “ 關(guān) ” 的位置，關(guān)閉電磁閥。⑥ 將“功率因數(shù)自動(dòng)/手動(dòng)”開關(guān)置于“手動(dòng)”位置，將“直流電源”、“電調(diào)電源”等電位器、旋扭恢復(fù)到停機(jī)位置，以便下次啟動(dòng)。

　　(2) Normal shutdown should be carried out according to the following steps: ① Before shutting down the unloading unit, the load should be unloaded first. Slowly adjust the "speed fine adjustment" knob counterclockwise and gradually remove the load. Attention: While reducing the load, it is necessary to gradually close the gas butterfly valve of the electric control mixer, reduce the gas volume, and lower the unit speed through the TEM system or centralized control box, otherwise it will cause explosion and overspeed (runaway). ② When the power of the unit drops below 40kW, quickly press the "trip" button. ③ After running the unit at rated speed for a few minutes and cooling down, place the "idle/rated" switch in the "idle" position to allow the unit to run at idle speed. Attention: After disconnecting, do not immediately place the "idle/rated" switch in the "idle" position to avoid shortening the service life of the unit. ④ Cut off the gas source. When the "water temperature" and "oil temperature" of the unit drop below 60 ℃, close the manual gas valve. The remaining gas in the pipeline can keep the unit running for 1-2 minutes. After the gas is exhausted, the unit will automatically shut down. Attention: For units equipped with a turbocharger, when the water temperature and oil temperature drop to 60 ℃, the air cannot be immediately turned off or stopped. It should be run without load for another 5 minutes to further cool the turbocharger. Otherwise, the friction pair of the turbocharger will form glue and carbon, and the sealing ring will reduce elasticity, causing oil leakage from the turbocharger. ⑤ Set the "Electromagnetic Valve Power" switch on the control screen panel to the "OFF" position and turn off the electromagnetic valve. ⑥ Place the "Power Factor Auto/Manual" switch in the "Manual" position, and restore potentiometers and knobs such as "DC Power" and "Electric Adjustable Power" to the shutdown position for the next start.

　?。?） 停機(jī)后排除運(yùn)行中發(fā)現(xiàn)的故障，并按規(guī)定對(duì)機(jī)組進(jìn)行保養(yǎng)。

　　(3) After shutdown, troubleshoot any faults found during operation and perform maintenance on the unit according to regulations.

　　（4） 若需要更換機(jī)油時(shí)，停車后待油中雜質(zhì)尚未沉淀時(shí)，將機(jī)油放凈。

　　(4) If it is necessary to change the engine oil, after parking and waiting for impurities in the oil to settle, drain the engine oil completely.

　　（5） 若停機(jī)后機(jī)組長(zhǎng)期封存，應(yīng)按封車規(guī)定作封車處理。

　　(5) If the unit is sealed for a long time after shutdown, it should be sealed according to the sealing regulations.

　?。?） 整理并填寫運(yùn)行記錄和交接班記錄，清理現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，做好交接班準(zhǔn)備工作。

　　(6) Organize and fill in operation records and shift handover records, clean up the site, and prepare for shift handover.

　　本文由  工業(yè)尾氣發(fā)電機(jī)組 友情奉獻(xiàn).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊  http://m.dgtmcnc.com/   真誠(chéng)的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)我們將會(huì)陸續(xù)向大家奉獻(xiàn).敬請(qǐng)期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from an industrial exhaust gas generator set For more related knowledge, please click http://m.dgtmcnc.com/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組操作規(guī)程1、瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組啟動(dòng)前的準(zhǔn)備機(jī)組初次運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，長(zhǎng)期停放后再次運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)或日常工作啟動(dòng)，啟動(dòng)前做好以下工作，使機(jī)組處于良好狀態(tài)。

　　Operating Procedures for Gas Generator Unit 1. Preparation before Starting Gas Generator Unit: For initial operation of the unit, long-term parking and subsequent operation or daily work start-up, the following work should be done before starting to keep the unit in good condition.

　　（1）機(jī)組及配套輔助系統(tǒng)零部件應(yīng)齊全、完整、各緊固聯(lián)接部位聯(lián)接正確、牢固；油、氣、水管路密封良好，不泄露，電路安全、可靠。旋轉(zhuǎn)件部位附近不準(zhǔn)有雜物。

　　(1) The components of the unit and supporting auxiliary systems should be complete, intact, and the fastening and connection parts should be correctly and firmly connected; The oil, gas, and water pipelines are well sealed without leakage, and the circuit is safe and reliable. There should be no debris near the rotating parts.

　　（2）潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)①檢查油底殼機(jī)油油位是否符合使用規(guī)定刻度位置，否則應(yīng)補(bǔ)加機(jī)油。所用機(jī)油牌號(hào)應(yīng)符合使用維護(hù)說(shuō)明書規(guī)定；亦可用公司批準(zhǔn)使用的其他牌號(hào)機(jī)油。不同牌號(hào)的機(jī)油不能混用。②當(dāng)站內(nèi)環(huán)境溫度≤5℃時(shí)，應(yīng)將機(jī)油預(yù)熱至20℃，且禁止使用明火預(yù)熱。

　　(2) Lubrication system ① Check whether the oil level in the oil pan meets the specified scale position, otherwise oil should be replenished. The brand of the oil used should comply with the instructions in the user manual; Other grades of engine oil approved by the company can also be used. Different grades of engine oil cannot be mixed. ② When the ambient temperature inside the station is ≤ 5 ℃, the engine oil should be preheated to 20 ℃, and the use of open flames for preheating is prohibited.

　　（3）冷卻系統(tǒng)檢查膨脹水箱內(nèi)的冷卻液液面是否達(dá)到規(guī)定位置，同時(shí)檢查冷卻液狀況，并根據(jù)需要添加防銹油或防凍液等添加劑。當(dāng)環(huán)境溫度低時(shí)，應(yīng)將冷卻液預(yù)熱至20℃。

　　(3) Check whether the coolant level in the expansion tank of the cooling system has reached the specified position, and also check the condition of the coolant. Add rust proof oil or antifreeze additives as needed. When the ambient temperature is low, the coolant should be preheated to 20 ℃.

　?。?）進(jìn)氣系統(tǒng)①檢查氣源壓力是否符合機(jī)組工作規(guī)定壓力范圍，供氣管路、閥門是否滲漏并作處理。②發(fā)電機(jī)組進(jìn)氣控制系統(tǒng)是否運(yùn)動(dòng)靈活，輔助運(yùn)動(dòng)部位應(yīng)及時(shí)補(bǔ)加潤(rùn)滑脂。

　　(4) Check whether the air source pressure of the intake system ① meets the pressure range specified for the unit's operation, and whether there is any leakage in the air supply pipeline and valves, and take appropriate measures. ② Whether the intake control system of the generator set moves flexibly, and the auxiliary moving parts should be lubricated in a timely manner.

　?。?）啟動(dòng)系統(tǒng)檢查啟動(dòng)柜或蓄電池電纜連接是否正確，是否接觸良好、緊固可靠。電源應(yīng)接通。

　　(5) Check whether the starter cabinet or battery cable connection is correct, whether the contact is good, and whether the fastening is reliable when starting the system. The power supply should be connected.

　　（6）盤車手動(dòng)或電動(dòng)預(yù)供油，用盤車工具盤轉(zhuǎn)曲軸至少兩圈，檢查機(jī)組曲軸等主要部件是否工作順暢，不得有卡碰及其他異?，F(xiàn)象 。

　　(6) Manual or electric pre oil supply for turning, use turning tools to turn the crankshaft at least two times, check whether the main components of the unit such as the crankshaft are working smoothly, and there should be no jamming or other abnormal phenomena.

　?。?） 檢查相序若機(jī)組并網(wǎng)或并聯(lián)運(yùn)行，運(yùn)行前應(yīng)用相序表進(jìn)行相序檢查，確保機(jī)組間的相序或機(jī)組與電網(wǎng)的相序相同。

　　(7) If the units are connected to the grid or running in parallel, the phase sequence table should be used to check the phase sequence before operation to ensure that the phase sequence between the units or between the units and the grid is the same.

　　（8）TEM系統(tǒng)檢查①檢查TEM系統(tǒng)電氣連接是否正常。②連接工控機(jī)主機(jī)、顯示器、鍵盤、鼠標(biāo)、電源線等配件，將計(jì)算機(jī)串口線連接好。③檢查各插頭接線是否連接正確、可靠。確認(rèn)無(wú)誤后，接通TEM電子管理系統(tǒng)的外部電源，啟動(dòng)工控機(jī)。④旋出 TEM電子管理系統(tǒng) 操作面板上的“緊急停機(jī)”按鈕，按下“啟動(dòng)”按鈕，各蝶門應(yīng)能正確、可靠動(dòng)作，各步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制器顯示啟動(dòng)步數(shù)。⑤分別按“左燃?xì)?-、空氣+-、右燃?xì)?-、右空氣+-”旋鈕，相應(yīng)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制器應(yīng)顯示正常、各蝶門動(dòng)作應(yīng)正常。⑥按下“緊急停機(jī)”按鈕，各燃?xì)獾T均應(yīng)關(guān)閉，步數(shù)回零，開度顯示回零。按下“關(guān)閉空氣”按鈕，各空氣蝶門均應(yīng)關(guān)閉，步數(shù)回零，開度顯示回零。⑦再次旋出 “ 緊急停機(jī) ” 按鈕，按下 “ 啟動(dòng) ” ，反復(fù)按上述步驟檢查至少 2 次，各蝶門動(dòng)作應(yīng)正常。

　　(8) TEM system inspection ① Check if the electrical connections of the TEM system are normal. ② Connect the industrial computer host, monitor, keyboard, mouse, power cord and other accessories, and connect the computer serial port cable. ③ Check whether the wiring of each plug is connected correctly and reliably. After confirming the accuracy, connect the external power supply of the TEM electronic management system and start the industrial computer. ④ Rotate the "emergency stop" button on the TEM electronic management system operation panel, press the "start" button, and each butterfly door should be able to operate correctly and reliably. The stepper motor controller should display the number of start steps. ⑤ Press the "Left Gas+-, Air+-, Right Gas+-, Right Air+-" knobs respectively, and the corresponding stepper motor controller should display normally, and each butterfly door should operate normally. ⑥ Press the "emergency stop" button, all gas butterfly valves should be closed, the steps should return to zero, and the opening display should return to zero. Press the 'Close Air' button, all air butterfly doors should be closed, the steps should return to zero, and the opening display should return to zero. ⑦ Rotate the "emergency stop" button again, press the "start" button, and repeat the above steps at least twice to check that all butterfly doors are functioning properly.

　?。?）集中控制柜使用ECS電子控制系統(tǒng)的瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組，做好集中控制柜的準(zhǔn)備。①連接集中控制柜至燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組接線盒間的控制電纜，連接至控制屏的控制電纜。②檢查各插頭、各組成單元接線是否連接正確、可靠，確認(rèn)無(wú)誤后，即可接通電源，啟動(dòng)集中控制柜控制系統(tǒng)。③初次送電后要對(duì)設(shè)置參數(shù)進(jìn)行設(shè)置。

　　(9) Prepare the centralized control cabinet for the gas generator set using ECS electronic control system. ① Connect the control cable between the centralized control cabinet and the gas turbine junction box, and connect the control cable to the control panel. ② Check whether each plug and component unit is connected correctly and reliably. After confirming that there are no errors, the power can be turned on and the centralized control cabinet control system can be started. ③ After the initial power transmission, the setting parameters should be adjusted.

　?。?0）細(xì)水霧輸送系統(tǒng)檢查①檢查電氣連接是否與圖紙相符，系統(tǒng)供電是否正常。②電氣連接檢查后可以通電，通電后檢查監(jiān)控界面的設(shè)備狀態(tài)是否正常，聯(lián)接正常后檢查所有檢測(cè)點(diǎn)是否有顯示。③給水霧輸送繼電控制柜送電，打開水霧水池電磁閥，將水池蓄水至溢水口。④將水霧監(jiān)控啟動(dòng)系統(tǒng)旋至自動(dòng)控制狀態(tài)，利用監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)界面的控制面板操作啟動(dòng)一號(hào)泵或二號(hào)泵。⑤查看 水池、水封及瓦斯溫度是否在設(shè)定范圍內(nèi)。⑥ 查看噴水壓力是否符合要求。⑦水池補(bǔ)水閥、排水泵工作正常，水位未超過(guò)設(shè)定的上下限位。⑧ 當(dāng)水霧流量和壓力顯示正常后，啟動(dòng)瓦斯總管閥門的電動(dòng)蝶閥。

　　(10) Inspection of fine water mist conveying system: ① Check whether the electrical connections match the drawings and whether the system power supply is normal. ② After electrical connection inspection, power can be turned on. After power on, check whether the device status on the monitoring interface is normal. After normal connection, check whether all detection points are displayed. ③ Power the relay control cabinet for water mist transmission, open the solenoid valve of the water mist pool, and fill the pool with water to the overflow outlet. ④ Turn the water mist monitoring startup system to automatic control mode, and use the control panel on the monitoring system interface to operate and start the first or second pump. ⑤ Check if the water tank, water seal, and gas temperature are within the set range. ⑥ Check if the water spray pressure meets the requirements. ⑦ The water replenishment valve and drainage pump of the pool are working normally, and the water level has not exceeded the set upper and lower limits. ⑧ After the water mist flow rate and pressure display are normal, start the electric butterfly valve of the gas main valve.

　?。?1）控制屏準(zhǔn)備工作①檢查、確定主斷路器處于“連接”狀態(tài)。②將三個(gè)電源開關(guān)打開a.將 “ 直流電源 ” 開關(guān)置于 “ 開（ON） ” 位置。b.將 “ 電調(diào)電源 ” 開關(guān)置于 “ 開（ON） ” 位置。c.將 “ 電磁閥電源 ” 開關(guān)置于 “ 開（ON） ” 位置，使電動(dòng)蝶閥通電。③檢查七個(gè)電位器是否處于正確位置a.將 “ 同步裝置 ” 開關(guān)置于 “ 斷 ” 位置。b.將 “ 電壓測(cè)量 ” 開關(guān)置于任意位置。c.將 “ 怠速/額定 ” 開關(guān)置于 “ 怠速 ” 位置（德國(guó)海因茲曼電子調(diào)速系統(tǒng)無(wú)此電位器）。d.將 “ 緊急停機(jī) ” 旋紐置于 “ 旋開 ” 狀態(tài)。e.將“轉(zhuǎn)速微調(diào)”電位器旋置于中間位置（5圈，10圈電位器）。f.將“電壓整定”電位器置于中間位置（5圈，10圈電位器）。g.將“功率因數(shù)自動(dòng)/手動(dòng)”開關(guān)置于“手動(dòng)”位置。④檢查控制屏的報(bào)警鈴和報(bào)警指示燈是否工作正常。方法為：a.按下 “ 試報(bào)警 ” 按鈕，各報(bào)警指示燈應(yīng)同時(shí)閃爍，同時(shí)報(bào)警鈴響。b.按下 “ 消音 ” 按鈕，報(bào)警鈴響終止。c.按下 “ 報(bào)警解除 ” 按鈕，各報(bào)警指示燈熄滅

　　(11) Preparation work for control screen: ① Check and confirm that the main circuit breaker is in the "connected" state. ② Turn on the three power switches. a. Place the "DC power" switch in the "ON" position. b. Place the "ESC power supply" switch in the "ON" position. c. Place the "Electromagnetic Valve Power" switch in the "ON" position to energize the electric butterfly valve. ③ Check if the seven potentiometers are in the correct position. a. Place the "synchronizer" switch in the "off" position. b. Place the 'voltage measurement' switch in any position. c. Place the "idle/rated" switch in the "idle" position (this potentiometer is not available in the German Heinzmann electronic speed control system). d. Set the "emergency stop" knob to the "on" position. e. Turn the "speed adjustment" potentiometer to the middle position (5 turns, 10 turns potentiometer). f. Place the "voltage setting" potentiometer in the middle position (5 turns, 10 turns potentiometer). g. Place the "Power Factor Auto/Manual" switch in the "Manual" position. ④ Check if the alarm bell and alarm indicator light on the control screen are working properly. The method is: a. Press the "trial alarm" button, and all alarm indicators should flash simultaneously, while the alarm bell rings. b. Press the 'mute' button to stop the alarm bell ringing. c. Press the 'Alarm Release' button, and all alarm indicator lights will turn off

　　。2、通入燃?xì)?/p>

　　2. Introduce gas

　?。?）打開手動(dòng)燃?xì)忾y門。

　　(1) Open the manual gas valve.

　?。?）手動(dòng)將電動(dòng)蝶閥撥至“開”位置，使燃?xì)膺M(jìn)入機(jī)組。

　　(2) Manually turn the electric butterfly valve to the "on" position to allow gas to enter the unit.

　　3、機(jī)組啟動(dòng)

　　3. Unit startup

　　（1）機(jī)組長(zhǎng)期停放，第一次啟動(dòng)前應(yīng) 排空。方法為：關(guān)閉燃?xì)饪傞y門，切斷機(jī)組燃?xì)夤┙o，斷開磁電機(jī)與點(diǎn)火線圈連線，預(yù)供油后，使啟動(dòng)馬達(dá)帶動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)空轉(zhuǎn)、將氣缸內(nèi)的余氣排空。排空時(shí)應(yīng)注意不要燒壞啟動(dòng)馬達(dá)。

　　(1) The unit should be emptied before the first start-up if it is parked for a long time. The method is to close the gas main valve, cut off the gas supply to the unit, disconnect the connection between the magnetic motor and the ignition coil, pre supply oil, and let the starter motor drive the engine to idle and exhaust the remaining gas in the cylinder. Be careful not to burn out the starter motor when emptying.

　?。?）給電動(dòng)預(yù)供油泵通電， 手搖機(jī)油泵和電動(dòng)預(yù)供油泵配合使用，當(dāng)機(jī)油壓力表指示為以上時(shí)，停止供油。

　　(2) Power on the electric pre supply oil pump, and use the hand cranked oil pump in conjunction with the electric pre supply oil pump. When the oil pressure gauge indicates above, stop supplying oil.

　　（3） 給啟動(dòng)馬達(dá)通電，啟動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。啟動(dòng)馬達(dá)連續(xù)運(yùn)行不得超過(guò)5秒。若一次啟動(dòng)不成功，則間隔至少2分鐘后方可再次啟動(dòng)，并于再次啟動(dòng)前將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)氣缸內(nèi)剩余氣體排空；若機(jī)組連續(xù)三次未能啟動(dòng)，應(yīng)立即停止，查明原因并排除后方可再次啟動(dòng)。 如果連續(xù)啟動(dòng)次數(shù)過(guò)多，馬達(dá)熱量無(wú)法散失，會(huì)燒壞啟動(dòng)馬達(dá)。

　　(3) Power on the starter motor and start the engine. The starting motor should not run continuously for more than 5 seconds. If the first start is unsuccessful, wait for at least 2 minutes before restarting, and exhaust the remaining gas in the engine cylinder before restarting; If the unit fails to start for three consecutive times, it should be stopped immediately, the cause should be identified and eliminated before restarting. If the number of consecutive starts is too many, the heat of the motor cannot be dissipated, which will burn out the starting motor.

　　4、暖機(jī)運(yùn)行

　　4. Warm up operation

　?。?）查看主油道、增壓器的機(jī)油壓力數(shù)值，濾前與濾后壓力差，如不正常應(yīng)立即查找原因。

　　(1) Check the oil pressure values of the main oil passage and turbocharger, as well as the pressure difference between the pre filter and post filter. If it is abnormal, immediately investigate the cause.

　　（2）打開氣缸蓋上罩殼，觀察搖臂及橫橋各點(diǎn)、面摩擦副回油狀況，有回油流出是正常的，回油微量或沒(méi)有，說(shuō)明外潤(rùn)滑管路或搖臂、橫橋油道阻塞，應(yīng)松開外潤(rùn)滑管查找原因或疏通、更換橫橋、搖臂。如果大搖臂銅套兩端回油量非常大，說(shuō)明銅套與搖臂軸間隙過(guò)大，應(yīng)及時(shí)更換銅套。

　　(2) Open the cylinder head cover and observe the return oil condition of the rocker arm and cross bridge friction pair at each point and surface. It is normal for oil to flow out, but if there is little or no return oil, it indicates that the external lubrication pipeline or rocker arm and cross bridge oil passage is blocked. The external lubrication pipeline should be loosened to find the cause or to clear or replace the cross bridge and rocker arm. If the oil return at both ends of the large rocker arm copper sleeve is very large, it indicates that the clearance between the copper sleeve and the rocker arm shaft is too large, and the copper sleeve should be replaced in a timely manner.

　　（3）旋開水泵放水閥少許，若有強(qiáng)勁水柱沖出，則表明供水正常。新機(jī)或拆檢過(guò)冷卻管系的機(jī)組，應(yīng)打開缸蓋高溫回水管線上的放氣螺塞，檢查兩排氣缸供水是否正常。

　　(3) Loosen the drain valve of the water pump slightly. If there is a strong water column rushing out, it indicates that the water supply is normal. For new units or units that have undergone dismantling and inspection of the cooling pipe system, the vent plug on the high-temperature return water pipeline of the cylinder head should be opened to check whether the water supply to the two rows of cylinders is normal.

　?。?）檢查機(jī)組外觀狀況，不得有漏水、漏油、漏氣現(xiàn)象。所有零部件應(yīng)固定牢固，不得有明顯的振動(dòng)或松動(dòng)現(xiàn)象。

　　(4) Check the appearance of the unit for any water, oil, or gas leaks. All components should be firmly fixed without obvious vibration or looseness.

　?。?）觀察發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排氣煙色是否正常，呼吸器有無(wú)異常煙氣，監(jiān)聽(tīng)機(jī)組有無(wú)異常聲響（敲擊聲、放炮聲、吹噓聲等）。

　　(5) Observe whether the exhaust smoke color of the engine is normal, whether there is abnormal smoke in the respirator, and monitor whether there is any abnormal sound from the unit (knocking sound, blasting sound, bragging sound, etc.).

　　（6）嗅發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)是否有焦味、燃?xì)馕丁?/p>

　　(6) Smell the engine for any burnt or gas smell.

　?。?）用手背感覺(jué)各氣缸蓋升溫速度是否平衡、各冷卻管線前后溫度是否正常。正常情況下，各冷卻管線前后溫度應(yīng)一致，各缸升溫速度較均勻一致。如某冷卻管線前后溫度不一致，說(shuō)明管線內(nèi)產(chǎn)生氣阻；如有個(gè)別缸升溫較快且在正常工作時(shí)缸溫也偏高，說(shuō)明缸蓋內(nèi)水腔狹窄，冷卻水流量受到限制，不能及時(shí)把熱量傳送出去。（8）充分暖機(jī)（一般水溫、油溫20℃以上）后，將控制屏上 “ 怠速/額定 ” 轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)置于 “ 額定 ” 位置，機(jī)組將提速、在額定轉(zhuǎn)速下運(yùn)行。待水溫、油溫均上升到40℃以上，再觀察機(jī)組各儀表指示是否正常。若機(jī)組各儀表指示正常，則可并網(wǎng)發(fā)電。

　　(7) Use the back of your hand to feel whether the heating speed of each cylinder head is balanced and whether the temperature before and after each cooling pipeline is normal. Under normal circumstances, the temperature before and after each cooling pipeline should be consistent, and the heating rate of each cylinder should be relatively uniform and consistent. If the temperature before and after a certain cooling pipeline is inconsistent, it indicates that there is air resistance inside the pipeline; If a few cylinders heat up quickly and the cylinder temperature is also high during normal operation, it indicates that the water chamber in the cylinder head is narrow, the cooling water flow is limited, and the heat cannot be transferred out in a timely manner. (8) After fully warming up (generally with water temperature and oil temperature above 20 ℃), place the "idle/rated" switch on the control screen in the "rated" position, and the unit will accelerate and operate at the rated speed. Wait for the water and oil temperatures to rise above 40 ℃, and then observe whether the instrument readings of the unit are normal. If all instruments of the unit indicate normally, it can be connected to the grid for power generation.

　　5、并網(wǎng)

　　5. Grid connection

　?。?）預(yù)調(diào)整 “ 轉(zhuǎn)速微調(diào) ” 旋紐，將發(fā)電機(jī)組的頻率調(diào)整至50Hz。

　　(1) Pre adjust the "speed fine-tuning" knob to adjust the frequency of the generator set to 50Hz.

　?。?）預(yù)調(diào)整 “ 整定電壓 ” 旋紐，將發(fā)電機(jī)組的電壓調(diào)整至與電網(wǎng)大致相同（約400V ） 。

　　(2) Pre adjust the "set voltage" knob to adjust the voltage of the generator set to approximately the same as the grid (about 400V).

　?。?）按下 “ 儲(chǔ)能 ” 按鈕，給（主斷路器）儲(chǔ)能，此時(shí)， “ 儲(chǔ)能 ” 指示燈亮。

　　(3) Press the "Energy Storage" button to store energy for the main circuit breaker, and the "Energy Storage" indicator light will turn on.

　?。?）并網(wǎng)或并車后立即將 “ 同步裝置 ” 開關(guān)斷開，以免燒壞同期表。

　　(4) Immediately disconnect the "synchronization device" switch after grid connection or parallel operation to avoid burning out the synchronization meter.

　　6、 正常工作運(yùn)行

　　6. Normal operation

　?。?）將機(jī)組調(diào)整到正常功率后，運(yùn)行人員可按照電站規(guī)定，每半小時(shí)在機(jī)房作一次巡回檢查。

　　(1) After adjusting the unit to normal power, the operating personnel can conduct a patrol inspection in the machine room every half an hour according to the regulations of the power station.

　　（2）觀察燃?xì)夤芟?、?rùn)滑管系、冷卻水管系、進(jìn)排氣管系是否有泄露現(xiàn)象，有問(wèn)題應(yīng)及時(shí)排除。

　　(2) Observe whether there is any leakage in the gas pipeline system, lubrication pipeline system, cooling water pipeline system, and intake and exhaust pipeline system. If there is a problem, it should be promptly eliminated.

　?。?）觀察呼吸器是否有煙霧排出。如有煙霧，首先應(yīng)判明是水蒸氣、油蒸汽還是燃燒的廢氣。如果是水蒸氣，且越來(lái)越大，說(shuō)明有冷卻水滲漏到油底殼；如果是燃燒廢氣且煙霧突然增大，應(yīng)立即停機(jī)檢查離心濾清器是否有金屬末（觀察離心濾轉(zhuǎn)子殼內(nèi)側(cè)污垢時(shí)不要用手去摸，應(yīng)在光線較好地方觀察，金屬末反光易發(fā)現(xiàn)）。

　　(3) Observe whether the respirator emits smoke. If there is smoke, the first thing to determine is whether it is water vapor, oil vapor, or combustion exhaust gas. If it is water vapor and it is getting larger, it indicates that there is cooling water leaking into the oil pan; If it is a combustion exhaust gas and the smoke suddenly increases, the centrifugal filter should be stopped immediately to check for any metal particles (do not touch the dirt on the inside of the centrifugal filter rotor housing with your hands, but observe in a well lit place, as the reflection of metal particles is easy to detect).

　?。?）觀察運(yùn)動(dòng)部件動(dòng)作是否正常，監(jiān)聽(tīng)機(jī)組運(yùn)行聲音是否正常。

　　(4) Observe whether the movement of moving parts is normal, and monitor whether the sound of the unit's operation is normal.

　?。?）檢查機(jī)油油面的高度、機(jī)油粘度是否正常。

　　(5) Check if the oil level and viscosity of the engine oil are normal.

　　（6） 注意觀察發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)各缸缸溫、排溫（可利用手持紅外測(cè)溫儀），確保各缸工作正常。 缸溫、排溫過(guò)高時(shí)應(yīng)及時(shí)檢查空氣濾芯是否阻塞，如阻塞會(huì)使進(jìn)氣產(chǎn)生負(fù)壓造成增壓器漏油，或者 調(diào)整發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的空燃比或點(diǎn)火提前角。

　　(6) Pay attention to observing the cylinder temperature and exhaust temperature of each engine cylinder (using a handheld infrared thermometer) to ensure that each cylinder is working properly. When the cylinder temperature and exhaust temperature are too high, it is necessary to check whether the air filter is blocked in a timely manner. If it is blocked, it will cause negative pressure in the intake and cause oil leakage in the turbocharger, or adjust the air-fuel ratio or ignition advance angle of the engine.

　?。?）每1-2小時(shí)對(duì)機(jī)組各參數(shù)作一次正式書面記錄。如數(shù)據(jù)異常，應(yīng)查找原因并排除。應(yīng)特別密切關(guān)注機(jī)組的水溫、油溫、油壓、缸溫、排溫。（滿載時(shí)理想的水溫、油溫是70-80℃，機(jī)油壓力是，加載后油壓下降左右是正常的）

　　(7) Make a formal written record of each parameter of the unit every 1-2 hours. If the data is abnormal, the cause should be identified and eliminated. Special attention should be paid to the water temperature, oil temperature, oil pressure, cylinder temperature, and exhaust temperature of the unit. The ideal water temperature and oil temperature at full load are 70-80 ℃, and the oil pressure is. It is normal for the oil pressure to decrease by about after loading

　　7、停車

　　7. Parking

　?。?）準(zhǔn)備停機(jī)前應(yīng)對(duì)機(jī)組進(jìn)行一次全面檢查，判明工作狀況，以便保養(yǎng)、修理。

　　(1) Before shutting down, a comprehensive inspection of the unit should be conducted to determine its working condition for maintenance and repair.

　　（2）正常停機(jī)應(yīng)按以下步驟進(jìn)行：①卸載機(jī)組停機(jī)前，要先卸去負(fù)荷。緩慢逆時(shí)針調(diào)節(jié) “ 轉(zhuǎn)速微調(diào) ” 旋鈕，逐漸卸下負(fù)載。注意：在減小負(fù)載的同時(shí)需要通過(guò) TEM 系統(tǒng)或集中控制箱 逐漸關(guān)閉電控混合器的燃?xì)獾T、減少燃?xì)饬俊⒔档蜋C(jī)組轉(zhuǎn)速，否則會(huì)放炮、超速（飛車）。②分閘或解列當(dāng)機(jī)組功率降至40kW以下時(shí)，迅速按下 “ 分閘 ” 按鈕。③怠速運(yùn)行機(jī)組在額定轉(zhuǎn)速下運(yùn)行幾分鐘、初步冷卻后，再將 “ 怠速/額定 ” 轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)置于 “ 怠速 ” 位置，使機(jī)組怠速運(yùn)行。注意 ：分閘后，不得立即將 “ 怠速/額定 ” 轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)置于 “ 怠速 ” 位置，以免縮短機(jī)組使用壽命。④切斷氣源當(dāng)機(jī)組 “ 水溫 ” 、 “ 油溫 ” 降低到60℃以下后，關(guān)閉手動(dòng)燃?xì)忾y門。管道內(nèi)剩余的燃?xì)饪墒箼C(jī)組繼續(xù)運(yùn)行1、2分鐘，燃?xì)夂谋M后，機(jī)組將自動(dòng)停機(jī)。注意 ：對(duì)于配置增壓器的機(jī)組，水溫、油溫降至60℃時(shí)不能立即關(guān)氣、停機(jī)，應(yīng)再空載運(yùn)行5分鐘，使增壓器進(jìn)一步冷卻，否則增壓器摩擦副會(huì)結(jié)膠、結(jié)碳，密封環(huán)降低彈性，造成增壓器漏油。⑤將控制屏面板上的 “ 電磁閥電源 ” 開關(guān)置于 “ 關(guān) ” 的位置，關(guān)閉電磁閥。⑥ 將“功率因數(shù)自動(dòng)/手動(dòng)”開關(guān)置于“手動(dòng)”位置，將“直流電源”、“電調(diào)電源”等電位器、旋扭恢復(fù)到停機(jī)位置，以便下次啟動(dòng)。

　　(2) Normal shutdown should be carried out according to the following steps: ① Before shutting down the unloading unit, the load should be unloaded first. Slowly adjust the "speed fine adjustment" knob counterclockwise and gradually remove the load. Attention: While reducing the load, it is necessary to gradually close the gas butterfly valve of the electric control mixer, reduce the gas volume, and lower the unit speed through the TEM system or centralized control box, otherwise it will cause explosion and overspeed (runaway). ② When the power of the unit drops below 40kW, quickly press the "trip" button. ③ After running the unit at rated speed for a few minutes and cooling down, place the "idle/rated" switch in the "idle" position to allow the unit to run at idle speed. Attention: After disconnecting, do not immediately place the "idle/rated" switch in the "idle" position to avoid shortening the service life of the unit. ④ Cut off the gas source. When the "water temperature" and "oil temperature" of the unit drop below 60 ℃, close the manual gas valve. The remaining gas in the pipeline can keep the unit running for 1-2 minutes. After the gas is exhausted, the unit will automatically shut down. Attention: For units equipped with a turbocharger, when the water temperature and oil temperature drop to 60 ℃, the air cannot be immediately turned off or stopped. It should be run without load for another 5 minutes to further cool the turbocharger. Otherwise, the friction pair of the turbocharger will form glue and carbon, and the sealing ring will reduce elasticity, causing oil leakage from the turbocharger. ⑤ Set the "Electromagnetic Valve Power" switch on the control screen panel to the "OFF" position and turn off the electromagnetic valve. ⑥ Place the "Power Factor Auto/Manual" switch in the "Manual" position, and restore potentiometers and knobs such as "DC Power" and "Electric Adjustable Power" to the shutdown position for the next start.

　?。?） 停機(jī)后排除運(yùn)行中發(fā)現(xiàn)的故障，并按規(guī)定對(duì)機(jī)組進(jìn)行保養(yǎng)。

　　(3) After shutdown, troubleshoot any faults found during operation and perform maintenance on the unit according to regulations.

　?。?） 若需要更換機(jī)油時(shí)，停車后待油中雜質(zhì)尚未沉淀時(shí)，將機(jī)油放凈。

　　(4) If it is necessary to change the engine oil, after parking and waiting for impurities in the oil to settle, drain the engine oil completely.

　?。?） 若停機(jī)后機(jī)組長(zhǎng)期封存，應(yīng)按封車規(guī)定作封車處理。

　　(5) If the unit is sealed for a long time after shutdown, it should be sealed according to the sealing regulations.

　?。?） 整理并填寫運(yùn)行記錄和交接班記錄，清理現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，做好交接班準(zhǔn)備工作。

　　(6) Organize and fill in operation records and shift handover records, clean up the site, and prepare for shift handover.

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